Plinian Eruption - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
1997年11月4日 · A Plinian eruption is defined as one of the most devastating events in explosive volcanism, characterized by a massive column of ash and gas reaching high into the atmosphere, often resulting in widespread destruction and significant impacts on the surrounding areas. AI generated definition based on: Earth-Science Reviews, 2022
Plinian and Subplinian Eruptions - ScienceDirect
2015年1月1日 · Many plinian eruptions consist of repeated plinian pulses (at least three for the 1982 El Chichón eruption, Mexico, and for the 1912 Katmai eruption, Alaska), each separated by hiatuses of hours. Although considered quasi-steady, many plinian pulses show a progressive increase of MDR, which is recorded as inverse grading (coarsening upward) of ...
The 1902 Plinian eruption of Santa María volcano, Guatemala: A …
2021年6月1日 · During the main Plinian eruption phase, the immediate impacts of heavy ash fall (e.g., asphyxiation and roof collapse) caused numerous fatalities (Table 3, Table 4). After the main phase, continued explosions and ash emissions added to the refugee crisis, which in turn caused additional fatalities because of disease, epidemic and social unrest.
The 79 CE eruption of Vesuvius: A lesson from the past and the …
2022年8月1日 · The most famous and first documented Plinian eruption is the one that occurred on the 79 CE at Vesuvius, which gave the name to this type of activity (Pyle, 2000; Cioni et al., 2015) and whose dedicated studies have given a great contribution to modern volcanology (e.g., Sigurdsson et al., 1985; Macedonio et al., 1988; Barberi et al., 1990).
A sequence of a plinian eruption preceded by dome destruction at …
2019年9月15日 · The eruption at Kelud volcano, East Java, in 2014 provides an opportunity to study the sequence and physical parameters of a plinian eruption, and to evaluate the associated hazards. We show that this plinian event, which had a radially spreading umbrella cloud, was preceded by the destruction of a lava dome, and accompanied by high-energy PDCs.
The October 1902 plinian eruption of Santa Maria volcano, …
1983年4月1日 · The October, 1902, eruption of Santa Maria Volcano, Guatemala, was one of the largest this century. It was preceded by a great earthquake on April 19 centered at the volcano, as well as numerous other major earthquakes. The 18–20 hour-long plinian eruption on October 25 produced a column at least 28 km high, reaching well into the stratosphere.
The unexpected explosive sub-Plinian eruption of Calbuco volcano …
2019年6月15日 · The Calbuco 2015 eruption is an important case study as it produced a strong sub-Plinian eruption with minimal eruption precursors, posing a significant challenge for risk managers. The purpose of this paper is to examine the processes that may produce such eruptions. 2. Methods2.1. Fieldwork
Classification of ignimbrites and their eruptions - ScienceDirect
2021年9月1日 · At the lower end the small volume, valley pond ignimbrites produced by the partial collapse of a sub-Plinian column at Calbuco (Chile) in 2015 (Castruccio et al., 2016); the 0.12 km 3 valley confined pyroclastic flow deposits of the May 18, 1980 Mt. St Helens Plinian eruption, which followed the lateral sector collapse of the edifice; the 11 km ...
Dynamics and effects of the Vesuvius Pomici di Avellino Plinian ...
2019年1月10日 · At the site, the eruption sequence continued with the deposition of the pumice fallout deposit of the entire Plinian phase, which in a few hours (Sulpizio et al., 2010a) reached a thickness of about 110 cm (EU2 = 5 cm, EU3 = 105 cm and EU4 = 4 cm) (Fig. 6). Due to the shape of the huts, with steeply sloping walls, the pumice accumulated outside ...
Volcanological evolution of Montagne Pelée (Martinique): A …
2021年10月1日 · The Plinian P2 eruption (1670 ± 32 cal BP; 394 ± 137 CE, Fig. 6), like the P3 eruption, produced a significant volume of magma (0.67–0.88 km 3 of magma DRE, VE1 = 4, M = 5.2) with the pumice fallout mainly found on the northeast flank of the volcano (Carazzo et al., 2019). The eruption started with the emplacement of a low-concentration PDC ...