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- Symbols for Number of Subjects. Use an uppercase, italicized N to designate the number of members in the total sample (e.g., N = 135). Use a lowercase, italicized n to designate the number of members in a limited portion or subsample of the total sample (e.g., n = 80 in the treatment group).了解详细信息:Symbols for Number of Subjects. Use an uppercase, italicized N to designate the number of members in the total sample (e.g., N = 135). Use a lowercase, italicized n to designate the number of members in a limited portion or subsample of the total sample (e.g., n = 80 in the treatment group).stats.stackexchange.com/questions/636545/sampl…The symbol ‘N’ represents the total number of individuals or cases in the population.www.statisticssolutions.com/dissertation-resources…
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Sample mean and covariance - Wikipedia
The sample mean is the average of the values of a variable in a sample, which is the sum of those values divided by the number of values. Using mathematical notation, if a sample of N observations on variable X is taken from the population, the sample mean is: 展开
The sample mean (sample average) or empirical mean (empirical average), and the sample covariance or empirical covariance are statistics computed from a sample of data on one or more random variables. 展开
The sample mean and the sample covariance matrix are unbiased estimates of the mean and the covariance matrix of the random … 展开
The sample mean and sample covariance are not robust statistics, meaning that they are sensitive to outliers. As robustness is often a desired trait, … 展开
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