Full Characterization of Smectites - ScienceDirect
2013年1月1日 · During sample processing, the chemistry and structure of the smectite might be slightly altered (e.g. small changes in Fe 2 +/Fe 3 + ratio; Stucki et al., 1984). Nevertheless, careful sample preparation is imperative for characterization of …
On the structural formula of smectites: a review and new data …
The fit of the smectite structural formula is reviewed. In addition, a group of samples, both dioctahedral and trioctahedral, are studied, demonstrating the influence of interlaminar Mg that can lead to the erroneous classification of smectite if it ...
Limits for the Identification of Smectites Mixed with Common
2024年9月20日 · In this study, binary mixtures of two smectites (one dioctahedral and one trioctahedral) with various non-clay minerals were prepared to establish detection limits using VNIR-SWIR spectroscopy. The limit of detection for a component is crucial in the application of analytical techniques such as spectroscopy.
Synthesis and characterization of Fe(III)-Fe(II)-Mg-Al smectite …
2021年6月1日 · Here, we synthesize and report on the spectroscopic properties of a suite of smectite samples that span the intermediate compositional range between Fe (II), Fe (III), Mg, and Al end-member species using bulk chemical analyses, X-ray diffraction, Vis/IR reflectance spectroscopy, UV and green-laser Raman spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy.
New laboratory procedure for distinguishing smectites with …
2023年2月1日 · Permanent layer charge of smectites (or smectite layers in mixed-layer minerals) is important for their properties and materials' applicationss. However, distinguishing low- and high-charge smectites by traditional laboratory methods is time-consuming and instrumentally demanding and it can also produce equivocal results.
substitute the interlayer Mg2+ and work with samples saturated with a known cation (homoionic samples). Seven smectites of the dioctahedral and trioctahedral types were homoionized with Ca2+, substituting the natural exchangeable cations. Several differences were found between the formulae obtained for the natural and Ca2+ homoionic samples ...
On the structural formula of smectites: a review and new data on …
2021年2月1日 · The understanding of the structural formula of smectite minerals is basic to predicting their physicochemical properties, which depend on the location of the cation substitutions within their 2:1 layer. This implies knowing the correct distribution and structural positions of the cations, which allo …
Structural iron in smectites with different charge locations
2019年3月13日 · The variety of Fe crystal chemistry in smectite was explored for eight natural smectites of distinct chemical compositions and charge locations, together with two synthetic ferric saponites used as reference compounds for tetrahedral Fe(III).
Thermal Analysis and Thermal Reactions of Smectites: a Review of ...
Factors affecting the accuracy and precision of thermal analysis of smectite are discussed along with examples of best laboratory practices. The paper also provides the most recent description and critical evaluation of smectite reaction kinetics. Thermal analysis is the oldest instrumental method applied to clays and clay minerals.
Hybrid microstructure of smectite clay gels revealed using …
2023年11月7日 · Here, we comprehensively probe the microstructure of a smectite clay suspension using ultra-small angle neutron/X-ray scattering and find that the nematic gel is structurally ordered and contains...
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