Kidney cancers are unique for a few reasons. One reason is that renal cell carcinoma can grow directly into the veins that drain the kidney and run up toward the heart. This growth of cancer into the ...

Intraocular mechanisms involving the retina, RPE/choroid, and sclera are well documented, with these structures playing crucial roles in eye growth regulation. Central factors, including brain ...

2 Kim's Eye Hospital, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of) Background/aims To identify whether an intact retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness profile could determine the location of the earliest RNFL ...

Running from the top of the foot (dorsum) and up the inner sides of the leg, the great saphenous vein is the body’s longest vein. The vein’s primary task is to drain deoxygenated blood from the foot, ...

But a malignant tumour (cancer) can spread. The inside of the eyeball is filled with a clear jelly like substance called vitreous humour. This, and the fibrous white sclera help to keep the shape of ...

Episcleritis is an acute inflammatory disorder of the episclera, the thin tissue between the clear membrane covering the eye (conjunctiva) and the white of the eye (sclera). The episclera houses a ...

An inferior vena cava (IVC) filter is a small device that can stop blood clots from going up into the lungs. The inferior vena cava is a large vein in the middle of your body. The device is put in ...