The corrective osteotomies included distal femoral osteotomy (DFO), femoral detorsional osteotomy (FDO), tibial detorsional osteotomy (TDO), and proximal tibial osteotomy (PTO). The non-conventional ...

Michael Ries, of the University of California in San Francisco, discussed externally rotating the femoral component in ... turndown or a tibial tubercle osteotomy should be attempted.

3D angle: angle between the mechanical axes before and after derotation.

That then dictates specific changes to the femoral side. A minimal tibial cut causes relatively tight flexion and extension gaps. Then the surgeon cuts more distal femur, cuts more posterior femur, ...