Retinal ganglion cells exhibit intrinsic signaling differences, independent of inputs, crucial for visual information transmission to the brain. These intrinsic properties persist even in blind mice, ...

Sunlight plays a crucial role in our lives. Humans rely on sunlight for several processes, especially physiological, including regulating the circadian rhythm and sleep, vitamin D synthesis, and ...

Experiments at TU Wien (Vienna) have now shown that the nerve cells of the retina (the so-called retinal ganglion cells) can take on different roles and thus fulfil individually different tasks ...

amacrine cells and retinal ganglion cells, which transmit the visual information to other parts of the visual system along the optic nerve.

Developments in non-invasive retinal imaging technologies, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography and digital retinal photography, have provided a means to study neuronal and ...

A section through the retinal pigment epithelium layer from an infected ACE2-expressing mouse: upper image, bright-field plus SARSCoV-2 N-protein (green) and complement component C3b ...

The effects of transcranially administered light are unlikely to be mediated via the eyes for several reasons. There is light-absorbing melanin in the back of the eye. Conscious visual perception ...

This study provides important morphological observations related to the potential roles of Hebbian plasticity in establishing brain connectivity, by examining synapses formed by functionally distinct ...

Quantitative studies of cultural evolution and gene-culture coevolution (henceforth “CE” and “GCC”) emerged in the 1970s, in the aftermath of the “race and intelligence quotient (IQ)” and “human ...

Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, ...