In this module, we introduce the general definition of angular momentum operator based on rotation operator. This general definition allows both orbital and spin angular momentum. We then derive the ...
The ability to induce coupling between the spin angular momenta and orbital angular momenta of photons is creating new opportunities for preparing unique states of light and performing new forms ...
The quantum Hall effect, a fundamental effect in quantum mechanics, not only generates an electric but also a magnetic current. It arises from the motion of electrons on an orbit around the nuclei of ...
As they pull their arms closer to their body, their spin accelerates. This is because angular momentum, a measure of rotational motion, is conserved. When the skater reduces their moment of ...