Through the facilitation of partners, mutualism allows organisms to excel in otherwise marginal habitats, avoid competition, exploit new niches and buffer environmental variability. For example ...

The Lotka-Volterra model with linear functional responses provided little theoretical foundation for the population dynamics of mutualism. May (1976) explicitly stated: "Lotka-Volterra models ...

partnerships to thrive together. This is called mutualism, and it's often anything but ordinary. In the open plains of the Namib in Southwest Africa, an unlikely alliance forms. Shy, reclusive ...