Given the importance of hemodynamic considerations in heart failure treatment, impedance cardiography (ICG) is a technology that permits economical, noninvasive monitoring of hemodynamic ...

The etiology of heart failure involves alterations in multiple organ systems and neurohormonal regulatory processes. Table 1 summarizes the pathophysiological mechanisms that are believed to ...

Diuresis can frequently reduce the left atrial pressure relieving symptoms of heart failure and returning the hemodynamics to those of grade I diastolic dysfunction. Grade III (reversible ...

With new capabilities for automatically quantifying IVC collapsibility and myocardial wall thickness, clinicians now get objective data in seconds to help assess fluid status and heart health.