Echocardiography is the gold standard ... major effect on the left atrial pressures and clinic heart failure is likely permanent. Grade IV diastolic dysfunction is present only in very advanced ...

The section presents a review of diastolic congestive heart failure, commonly called HFpEF ... However, in recent years, 2D and Doppler echocardiography has become the standard laboratory method ...

All subjects underwent Doppler echocardiography ... (i.e., present in people not yet diagnosed with clinical CHF). Moreover, although diastolic and systolic dysfunction can coexist, most patients ...