Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of chronic total occlusion (CTO) is not a low-risk procedure. The in-hospital complication and death rate of PCI of CTO is similar to that of non-CTO PCI.

† All perforation without clinical sequelae. AMI: Acute myocardial infarction; CT: Cardiac tamponade; CTO: Chronic total occlusion; CVA: Cerebral vascular accident ...

Percutaneous coronary intervention, combined with optimal medical ... Figure 3: Methods that facilitate wire crossing of a CTO. After successful wire crossing of a CTO, the next major technical ...